OpenFOAM 1.7.0 Released
OpenCFD are pleased to announce a major, new release of version 1.7.0 of the OpenFOAM open source CFD toolbox. [Note: The OpenFOAM software is now released by the OpenFOAM Foundation following transfer of ownership in August 2011]. Version 1.7.0 is distributed: (1) as Deb packs created for Ubuntu 10.04 LTS; (2) as source code for compilation on other Linux systems. Version 1.7.0 includes:
Applications
Numerous new, updated, and demonstration applications for multiphase, heat transfer and reacting flows the include porous regions; particular areas of application include fire simulation and wind/atmospheric flows, supplied with new example cases, e.g. wind turbine siting; reimplementation of numerous solvers to accommodate new changes to the multiphase, buoyant flow and thermo-physical modelling (see below).
Post-processing
New and improved function objects for on-the-fly calculation of spatial averages, sums, min/max values on fields in sets of cells or faces in the geometry (e.g. for flux calculations across a plane), interpolation of volume fields to surfaces, etc; increased sampling functionality particularly for triangulated surfaces; updated for ParaView 3.8.0.
Boundary conditions
Implementation of continuous wall function models for turbulence, conjugate heat transfer conditions for turbulent flows, new time varying boundary conditions, new velocity inlet and wall conditions, e.g. swirl inlet, and inlet and far field conditions for wind/atmospheric flows.
Multiphase modelling
Multiphase and buoyant flow solvers now solve for , rather than the static pressure , to avoid deficiencies in the handling of the pressure force / buoyant force balance on non-orthogonal and distorted meshes; corresponding improvements made to boundary conditions and pressure referencing in closed domains.
Thermophysical modelling
Development of thermophysical modelling to redefine the thermodynamics in some solvers in terms of sensible enthalpy instead of total (i.e. including chemical) enthalpy; this was done for improved handling of thermodynamics is the case of partially-premixed or non-premixed combustion systems, or to handle systems with non-unity Lewis number.
Dynamic mesh
Implementation of six degree-of-freedom, fluid coupled rigid body motion, with various models for restraints (springs and dampers) and constraints (reductions in degrees-of-freedom) that can be applied to simulate things like floating objects and an oscillating wing.
Lagrangian modelling
Overhaul of the underlying framework with new structure for variable composition, including several new sub-models added for injection, post-processing and patch interaction, evaporation and coal combustion.
Direct simulation Monte-Carlo
Further developments made to allow 1D and 2D planar simulations; mixed diffuse/specular boundary condition added; new measurements of pressure and wall velocity slip and temperature jump.
Numerics
MULES algorithm developed to supports sub-cycling on moving meshes for interface capturing VoF (volume of fluid) calculations; further developments to allows a source to be applied to an equation according to an input dictionary at run-time, that can be switched on at particular times and within particular regions of the mesh, using cell zones.
OpenFOAM v1.7.0 was produced by OpenCFD — at that time, Henry Weller, Chris Greenshields, Mattijs Janssens, Andy Heather, Sergio Ferraris, Graham Macpherson, Helene Blanchonnet and Jenya Collings — with contributions from Mark Olesen.
For a full list of new features, see below:
Overview
OpenFOAM-1.7.0 is the latest release of OpenFOAM that contains new features both from OpenCFD’s development version of OpenFOAM and the repository 1.6.x distribution. This release passes our standard tests and the tutorials have been broadly checked. Please report any bugs by following the link: https://openfoam.org/bugs.
GNU/Linux version
This release of OpenFOAM is distributed primarily in 2 ways: (1) as a Deb pack containing binaries and source; (2) from a source code repository.
The Ubuntu Deb pack is available for 32 and 64 bit versions of the 10.04 LTS operating system using the system compiler and libraries that will be installed automatically from standard Deb packs.
To use the source version, we provide a source pack of third-party packages that can be compiled on the user’s system. This does not include gcc
, since the system installed version is typically sufficient, but includes paraview-3.8.0
, openmpi-1.4.1,
, scotch_5.1
metis-5.0pre2
, ParMetis-3.1
and ParMGridGen-1.0
.
Library developments
There have been a number of developments to the libraries to support the extension of functionality in solver and utility applications.
Core library
- Large number of code refinements and consistency improvements to support other developments.
Turbulence modelling
- Wall function boundary conditions:
- New
mutWallFunction
continuous wall function, - New
mutLowReWallFunction
continuous wall function, - New
nutWallFunction
continuous wall function, - New
nutLowReWallFunction
continuous wall function, - Standard wall functions, based on k, now renamed
nutkWallFunction
andmutkWallFunction
omegaWallFunction
now includes laminar blending function.
- New
- Conjugate heat transfer boundary conditions:
- New
turbulentTemperatureCoupledBaffleMixed
BC, - New
turbulentTemperatureCoupledBaffle
BC.
- New
Thermo-physical Models
There has been a set of developments to redefine the thermodynamics in some solvers in terms of sensible enthalpy instead of total (i.e. including chemical) enthalpy. This was done to improve the handling of thermodynamics in the case of partially-premixed or non-premixed combustion systems, or to handle systems with non-unity Lewis number.
- New
hsPsiThermo
thermophysical model calculation based on sensible enthalpyhs
and compressibilitypsi
. - New
hsRhoThermo
thermophysical model calculation based onhs
and densityrho
. - New
hsCombustionThermo
thermophysical model calculation for a combustion mixture based onhs
andpsi
. - New
hsPsiMixtureThermo
thermophysical model calculation for a mixture based onhs
andpsi
. - New
hsReactionThermo
thermophysical model calculation for a complex reacting mixture based onhs
.
DSMC
- 1D and 2D planar simulations now possible by specifying empty patches in the usual way.
- New
MixedDiffuseSpecular
wall boundary condition added. - New pressure field measurement.
- New measurement of velocity slip and temperature jump.
Dynamic Mesh
- New
sixDoFRigidBodyDisplacement
six degree-of-freedom, fluid coupled rigid body motion, applied as a boundary condition to a patch in the pointDisplacement field for dynamic mesh cases. The motion may have any number of restraints (springs and dampers) and constraints (reductions in degrees-of-freedom) applied. Restraints includelinearAxialAngularSpring
,linearSpring
,sphericalAngularSpring
andtabulatedAxialAngularSpring
. Constraints includefixedAxis
,fixedLine
,fixedOrientation,
andfixedPlane
fixedPoint
.
Numerics
- MULES now supports sub-cycling on moving meshes for interface capturing VoF (volume of fluid) calculations.
- Developments to
TimeActivatedExplicitSource
, a class that allows a source to be applied to an equation according to an input dictionary at run-time, that can be switched on at particular times and within particular regions of the mesh, usingcellZones
.
Solvers
A number of new solvers have been developed for a range of engineering applications. There has been a set of improvements to certain classes of solver that are introduced in this release.
New Solvers
fireFoam
: Transient solver for fires and turbulent diffusion flames.rhoPorousMRFPimpleFoam
: Transient solver for laminar or turbulent flow of compressible fluids with support for porous media and MRF for HVAC and similar applications. Uses the flexible PIMPLE (PISO-SIMPLE) solution for time-resolved and pseudo-transient simulations.chtMultiRegionSimpleFoam
: Steady-state version ofchtMultiRegionFoam
.porousSimpleFoam
: Steady-state solver for incompressible, turbulent flow with implicit or explicit porosity treatment.interMixingFoam
: Solver for 3 incompressible fluids, two of which are miscible, using a VoF method to capture the interface.porousInterFoam
: Solver for 2 incompressible, isothermal immiscible fluids using a VoF phase-fraction based interface capturing approach.simpleWindFoam
: Steady-state solver for incompressible, turbulent flow with external source in the momentum equation to approximate, e.g. wind turbines; located in tutorials, with associatedturbineSiting
test case.
Modifications to multiphase and buoyant solvers
- Multiphase and buoyant flow solvers now solve for , rather than the static pressure
. This change is to avoid deficiencies in the handling of the pressure force / buoyant force balance on non-orthogonal and distorted meshes.
- Improvements to boundary conditions and pressure referencing in closed domains have been developed to avoid the problems encountered in previous attempts to decompose pressure for buoyant flow.
- The following solvers have been modified for
p_rgh
:fireFoam
buoyantBoussinesqPimpleFoam
,buoyantBoussinesqSimpleFoam
,buoyantPimpleFoam
,buoyantSimpleFoam,
,chtMultiRegionFoam
chtMultiRegionSimpleFoam
,compressibleInterDyMFoam
,compressibleInterFoam
,interDyMFoam,
,porousInterFoam
MRFInterFoam
,interFoam,
,interPhaseChangeFoam
multiphaseInterFoam
,settlingFoam,
.twoLiquidMixingFoam
Modifications to solvers for sensible enthalpy
- The following solvers have been modified to solve for
hs
(instead ofh):
,dieselEngineFoam
dieselFoam
,reactingFoam,
,rhoReactingFoam
coalChemistryFoam
,porousExplictSourceReactingParcelFoam
,reactingParcelFoam
.
Modifications to steady-state compressible solvers
- Boundedness to the thermodynamics is ensured by limiting the density, rather than the pressure. This improves convergence by maintaining consistency between the pressure gradient and momentum changes
- Removed the Sp “boundedness” correction in the convection term from the momentum equation.
- The following solvers have been modified with this change:
rhoSimpleFoam
,buoyantSimpleFoam,
chtMultiRegionSimpleFoam
Other modifications
- Added diffusion number limit to the time-step correction in
chtMultiRegionFoam
. - Reformulated pressure correction during phase change to maintain boundedness of pressure in
cavitatingFoam
.
Boundary conditions
New boundary conditions have been introduced to support new applications in OpenFOAM.
- Added new time varying boundary conditions.
- Added new velocity inlets and wall boundary conditions:
cylindricalInletVelocity
,swirlFlowRateInletVelocity
,translatingWallVelocity
. - Added boundary conditions for wind/atmospheric simulation:
atmBoundaryLayerInletEpsilon
,atmBoundaryLayerInletVelocity
,fixedShearStress
.
Utilities
There have been some utilities added and updated in this release.
New utilities
foamToTecplot360
: Tecplot binary file format writer.IFCLookUpTableGen
: Infinitely-fast chemistry (IFC) look-up table generator that calculates the infinitely-fast chemistry relationships as a function offt
for a given fuel.
Updated utilities
gmshToFoam
: adapted for msh2.1 and 2.2 format.snappyHexMesh
: lower memory usage by pre-balancing and non-blocking transfers.blockMesh
: proper spline edges.setSet
: handling of faceZoneSet, cellZoneSet, pointZoneSet.splitMeshRegions
: option to use existing cellZones only for split.changeDictionary
: allow wildcards in changeDictionaryDict.
Post-processing
Post-processing has been extended particularly to function objects, the on-the-fly post-processing system.
- New
fieldValues
function object, allows spatial averaging, sum, min/max calculations to be made on fields in sets of cells or faces in the geometry - New
surfaceInterpolateFields
function object to generate surface fields from volume fields where required - New
sampledTriSurfaceMesh
surface type for surface sampling function object - New
readFields
function object controls the loading of fields from time directories for further post-processing
New tutorials
There is a large number of new tutorials to support the new solvers in the release.
combustion/fireFoam/les/smallPoolFire2D
combustion/reactingFoam/ras/counterFlowFlame2D
compressible/rhoPorousMRFPimpleFoam/mixerVessel2D
heatTransfer/chtMultiRegionSimpleFoam/multiRegionHeater
incompressible/pimpleDyMFoam/wingMotion
incompressible/porousSimpleFoam/angledDuctExplicit
incompressible/porousSimpleFoam/angledDuctImplicit
incompressible/simpleWindFoam/turbineSiting
lagrangian/porousExplictSourceReactingParcelFoam/parcelInbox
lagrangian/porousExplictSourceReactingParcelFoam/verticalChannel
multiPhase/interDyMFoam/floatingObject
multiPhase/interMixingFoam/laminar/damBreak
multiPhase/interPhaseChangeFoam/cavitatingBullet